Histopathology in Primary Atelectasis in Infants and Risk Factors

Abstract

Primary atelectasis of the lungs “enters the respiratory distress syndrome and occurs in the form of a separate nosological unit. This article examines the specific pathomorphological features of primary pulmonary atelectasis. As material, the lungs of infants who died of atelectasis in the neonatal period were studied microscopically. Microscopic examination revealed that the lung tissue had an underdeveloped appearance at a glance. Alveolar interstitial tissue is composed of dense connective tissue and cell clots, the blood vessels are wide and full, surrounded by a hemorrhagic structure. If primary atelectasis develops 2-3 days before infant death, inflammation of the lung tissue is observed, ie macrophages, neutrophils, migrating alveocytes are detected in the alveolar cavity. After 7-10 days, it is determined that the alterative-proliferative processes are exacerbated and turn into atelectatic pneumonia. It results in pneumosclerosis, bronchiectasis, and the development of retinal cysts of the bronchi. Often, connective tissue grows in place of atelectasis and sclerosis develops.