Scientific rationale for TNF-α and IL-4 changes in the development of silicosis

Abstract

To a lesser extent, the symptoms of the course of dusty lung diseases in the early stages have been studied; functional and biological markers have not been found - the criteria for an individual prognosis of the patient's condition in this pathology. For this reason, the issue of studying immunological parameters in pneumoconiosis from the influence of quartz-containing dust is topical. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the role of IL-4 and TNF-α cytokines in the development of silicosis caused by exposure to quartz dust at different stages of the disease. The material and methods of research are considered to be patients who were treated at the clinic of the Research Institute of Sanitation, Hygiene and Occupational Diseases of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan (n=180, gender - male). To determine IL-4 and TNF-α, a set of reagents from the company Vector-Best, the concentration of interleukins was measured by IFA MR 96A Mindray. The results of the study scientifically substantiated the immunological individuality of the course of silicosis caused by quartz-containing dust. The role of TNF-α and IL-4 in the formation, course and progression of silicosis has been proven. These studies confirm the need to study the immune status as an early diagnosis, prediction of the course of the disease and its prevention.