PRINCIPLES OF DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF ACUTE PURULENT-DESTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASES

Abstract

The article presents basic information reflecting current issues of pathogenesis and modern methods of treatment of purulent-destructive lung diseases. The article is a review of literature data on this issue we have collected over the past 20 years. Nowadays, it became known that a pathogenetic point of view, in all cases of acute purulent lung destruction is determined by the combination and interaction of three main factors: 1) acute infectious inflammatory process in the pulmonary parenchyma; 2) violation of bronchial 36 patency; 3) a violation of the blood flow leading to necrosis of the lung tissue. Unfortunately, the existing classification, valuation trends, proposed methods of treatment of acute suppurative destructive processes in the lung is practically not taken into account the state of non-respiratory activity of the lungs. In general, the presented information on modern achievements in the study of pathogenesis, the development of new methods of surgical treatment of patients with acute purulent-destructive lung diseases with the use of "small surgery" techniques showed that many issues related to improving the final results remain unresolved. Keywords: acute lung abscess, gangrene of lung, etiopathogenesis, prevalence, diagnostic and treatment method. Thanks to the organization and improvement of diagnostic methods, new methods of treatment, surgical technique, significant progress has been made in treatment of acute purulent-destructive lung diseases (ADDL). However, this The problem remains relevant today. In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of patients with severe and complicated forms of the course of AHDDL [43]. According to studies of various authors [21, 17, 13], the percentage of development of pulmonary-pleural complications in lung abscesses range from 30% to 70%, and the incidence of gangrenous forms from 28% to 74% [2, 20]. Despite different approaches to the treatment of AHDD, the results of complex treatment can hardly be considered satisfactory. The mortality rate is still high, averaging in various forms purulent-necrotic process from 12.7% to 77.8%.