Мetastatic breast cancer

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most common cause of death among women from malignant tumors. Metastatic breast cancer is not currently a curable disease. According to most authors, especially in developing countries, from 50 to 70% of patients already have advanced forms of the disease upon admission (locally common forms, in the form of lesions of regional lymph nodes and distant metastases to various organs). The nature and frequency of distant breast cancer metastases is very diverse. In 40-80% of cases, breast cancer metastasizes to bone. However, it can metastasize other organs and systems, for example, to the liver, lungs, ovaries, brain, and others. Diagnosis and treatment of distant breast cancer metastases is an urgent problem in oncammammology, since mortality in these forms remains very high, and the long-term and immediate results of treatment are still very unsatisfactory. The conducted therapy, being palliative, is aimed at improving "quality" and prolonging life. The most effective for conducting palliative therapy for this group of patients is various chemotherapy regimens. But traditionally used chemotherapy regimens do not always turn out to be effective; on the contrary, cytostatics weaken the body’s resistance and deplete the body’s immunobiological reserve, sometimes they worsen not only the quality of life, but also shorten the duration.