Патогенетические механизмы возникновения коронавирусной инфекцией, вызванной COVID-19

Abstract

The coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 pandemic has elicited a swift response by the scientific community to elucidate the pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2-|nduced lung injury and develop effective therapeutics. Clinical data indicate that severe COVID-19 most commonly manifests as viral pneumonia-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a clinical entity mechanistically understood best in the context of influenza A virus-induced pneumonia. Similar to influenza, advanced age has emerged as the leading host risk factor for developing severe COVID-19. ln this review we connect the current understanding of the SARS-CoV-2 replication cycle and host response to the clinical presentation of COVID-19, borrowing concepts from influenza A virus-induced ARDS pathogenesis and discussing how these ideas inform our evolving understanding of COVID-19-induced ARDS.